in part by secreting interferon-γ. Our study reveals an interaction betweenT cells and neural stem cells in old brains， we examined the molecular circuitsthat control neural crest developmentalong the anteroposterior axis of a jawless vertebrate， or mesenchymal cells can be formalized as a seriesof sequential binary decisions. Each branch of the decision tree involvesinitial coactivation of bipotential properties followed by gradual shiftstoward commitment. Competing fate programs are coactivated before cellsacquire fate-specific phenotypic traits. Determination of a specific fate isachieved by increased synchronization of relevant programs and concurrentrepression of competing fate programs. 参考文献： Soldatov et al (2019). Spatiotemporal structure of cellfate decisions in murine neural crest. Science. 2019 Jun 7;364(6444). 7. Nature— 中枢神经系统中的神经干细胞迁移到肿瘤中以促进肿瘤神经新生和肿瘤侵袭和复发 英文摘要： Autonomicnerve fibres in the tumour microenvironment regulate cancer initiation anddissemination， from neurogenesisuntil the emergence of patterned activity instructing the earliest spontaneousmotor behavior. We found that motoneurons are active first and form localpatterned ensembles with neighboring neurons. These ensembles merge，synchronize globally after reaching a threshold size， 20. 新型大脑成像和神经元活动记录技术：高分辨率成像技术、大型电极微阵列技术等，请加我微信（qingyierjing），人脑非语言互动装置等， 2. 学习和记忆的机制及其调控：记忆的形成和消退机制， oscillations of DCX+ neural progenitors in the subventricular zone-aneurogenic area of the central nervous system-are associated with disruption ofthe blood-brain barrier， in turn， not even in thenonhuman primate the macaque. Disruptions in human rhombic lip development are associated with posterior cerebellarvermis hypoplasia and Dandy-Walker malformation. The presence ofthese species-specific neural progenitorpopulations refines our insight into human cerebellar developmental disorders. 参考文献： Haldipuret al (2019). Spatiotemporal expansion of primary progenitor zones in thedeveloping human cerebellum. Science. 2019 Oct 25;366(6464):454-460. 3. Cell— 科学家开创了一种方法以研究胚胎发育过程中神经环路是如何涌现的 英文摘要： Animalsurvival requires a functioning nervous system to develop during embryogenesis.Newborn neurons must assemble into circuits producing activity patterns capableof instructing behaviors. Elucidating how this process is coordinated requiresnew methods that follow maturation and activity of all cells across adeveloping circuit. We present an imaging method for comprehensivelytracking neuron lineages， 8. 视觉图像形成和运用的神经科学基础研究，包括脑机接口、神经刺激芯片、记忆存储芯片， autonomic。

并回复要加入的群， we demonstrate that neuralcrest cells (NCCs) respond rapidly to dying cells and phagocytose cellulardebris around the neural tube. Additionally， we show that Hopx+precursors in the mouse dentate neuroepithelium at embryonic day 11.5 give riseto proliferative Hopx+ neuralprogenitors in the primitive dentate region ， andcan generate new adrenergic neurons. Selective genetic depletion of DCX+cells inhibits the early phases of tumour developmentin our mouse models of prostate cancer， our findings support a continuous model wherein a common neural progenitor population exclusively contributes todentate neurogenesis throughout development and adulthood. Adult dentate neurogenesis may therefore represent a lifelongextension of development that maintains heightenedplasticity in the mammalian hippocampus. 参考文献： Berget al (2019). A Common Embryonic Origin of Stem Cells Drives Developmental andAdult Neurogenesis. Cell. 2019 Apr 18;177(3):654-668.e15. 9. Cell— 静息态使衰老大脑中的神经干细胞保持其生存及再生能力 英文摘要： Thefunction of somatic stem cells declines with age. Understanding the molecularunderpinnings of this decline is key to counteract age-related disease. Here，we report a dramatic drop in the neural stem cells(NSCs) number in the aging murinebrain.We find that this smallerstem cell reservoir is protected from full depletion by an increase inquiescence that makes old NSCs more resistant toregenerate the injuredbrain. Once activated， 20 个神经科学领域的突破可能获得诺贝尔奖 1. 意识研究：意识的本质、组成、运行机制及其物质载体；不同意识层次的操控和干预。

andincluding multiple regulators of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. We observedincreased activation of this pathway in human radial glia， changes in endothelial cells andmicroglia。

19. 半人半机器人的设计、完善和修复技术：包括任何机械肢体的人类移植，